Assay of Blood and Synovial Fluid of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis for Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin D: Absence of Bacteria But Presence of Its Toxin
| Author | Ramezan Ali Ataee | en |
| Author | Reyhane Kashefi | en |
| Author | Gholam Hossein Alishiri | en |
| Author | Davoud Esmaieli | en |
| Issued Date | 2015-12-01 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease. The staphylococcal superantigens are considered as the causative agent of RA disease. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin D in synovial fluid and blood of patients with RA. Patients and Methods: A total of 120 blood and SF samples of patients with RA were studied. Bacterial culture, primer pairs design, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods have been used to assess of the staphylococcal enterotoxin D. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: During this study and after sequential subcultures, only 5 bacterial strains were isolated. The results of PCR showed the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin D gene in almost 50% of SF and also in 48.4% of blood samples of patients with RA. Similarly, the ELISA method detected staphylococcal enterotoxin D in 36.16% of SF and in 33.33% of blood of patients with RA. Conclusions: The result of this study showed that a high percentage of patients with RA have shown staphylococcal enterotoxin D (superantigen D) or entD gene in SF and in blood. However, the origin of this superantigen was not clarified and no Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin D producer was isolated. This finding indicates other role of this superantigen besides its intoxication. Therefore, staphylococcal enterotoxin D as a biomarker may provide a good model for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with RA. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.28395 | en |
| URI | https://brieflands.com/journals/jjm/articles/56923 | en |
| Keyword | Enterotoxin D | en |
| Keyword | Staphylococcal | en |
| Keyword | Superantigens | en |
| Keyword | Arthritis | en |
| Keyword | Rheumatoid | en |
| Keyword | Polymerase Chain Reaction | en |
| Keyword | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay | en |
| Keyword | Synovial Fluid | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Assay of Blood and Synovial Fluid of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis for Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin D: Absence of Bacteria But Presence of Its Toxin | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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