Which Is More Harmful for the Oral Mucosa: Cigarettes or Hookah? A Cross-Sectional Study
| Author | Mohammad Shooriabi | en |
| Author | Elahe Aboali-Darvish-Taheri | en |
| Author | Mohammad Hosein Haghighizadeh | en |
| Orcid | Mohammad Shooriabi [0000-0003-2384-3329] | en |
| Orcid | Elahe Aboali-Darvish-Taheri [0009-0000-7121-9470] | en |
| Orcid | Mohammad Hosein Haghighizadeh [0000-0002-4197-0199] | en |
| Issued Date | 2024-10-31 | en |
| Abstract | Background: The popularity of hookah usage is on the rise in contemporary societies. Some individuals believe that using a hookah is less harmful than smoking traditional cigarettes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among individuals who use hookah and cigarettes. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted at Ahvaz Dental School, 102 individuals seeking examination and treatment for dental problems were recruited from spring 2022 to winter 2023 and categorized into three groups: Cigarette users (A), hookah users (B), and non-users of both (C). A thorough oral examination was performed on each patient to identify any oral mucosal lesions. If necessary, a biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. The information for each patient was recorded on individual sheets and subsequently analyzed. To examine the relationship between qualitative variables, a chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was employed. Results: The most prevalent oral mucosal lesion observed in both group A (42%) and group B (27%) was hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa. Notably, a premalignant lesion was exclusively observed in individuals belonging to group A (7%). Complaints of bad taste in the mouth were more common in tobacco users (in any form) than in non-users (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Tobacco users (of any kind) have more oral lesions than non-smokers, although most of these lesions are harmless. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-145252 | en |
| Keyword | Smoking Water Pipes | en |
| Keyword | Mouth Mucosa | en |
| Keyword | Cigarette Smoking | en |
| Keyword | Oral Ulcer | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Which Is More Harmful for the Oral Mucosa: Cigarettes or Hookah? A Cross-Sectional Study | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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