Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of <i>Nepeta binaludensis</i> Jamzad Extracts

Abstract

Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in different extracts of Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad aerial parts were evaluated by colorimetric methods and the best results were found in 50% hydro-methanol extract with total phenolic (4.42 ± 0.0014 mg of gallic acid/g of dry mass of plant) and flavonoid (0.8 ± 0.0009 mg of quercetin/g of dry mass of plant) contents. Antioxidant activity of the extracts were also evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhedrazyl (DPPH) assay. The best result was found in 50% hydro-methanol extract (the half-maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 = 3.0 mg/mL). A good correlation between the radical scavenging activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts was observed. Antimicrobial activity of 50% hydro-methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts of N. binaludensis were also evaluated on four different bacteria and a fungus in the current study. Considerable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (4.0 mg/mL) and Streptococcus pyogenes (4.0 mg/mL) were observed for ethyl acetate extract in comparison with the other samples.