The Prevalence and Incidence of Endocrine Disorders After Traumatic Brain Injury in Hamadan City, Iran

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is highly prevalent in Iran, and one of its serious complications is endocrine disorders, particularly hypopituitarism. Objectives: Because the prevalence of these disorders after TBI has not been reported in Iran, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of endocrine disorders after TBI in Hamadan. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing hospital databases in Hamadan city, Iran, to identify registered patients with TBI. Patients were categorized into four groups, and disease prevalence was calculated using a contingency table. Incidence was also estimated, and epidemiological calculations were performed for the years 2020 to 2024. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: The findings indicated an increasing trend in the prevalence of both TBI and post-TBI endocrine disorders in Hamadan, Iran, from 2020 to 2024. Women were more likely than men to develop endocrine disorders after TBI. In addition, younger patients with TBI showed a higher prevalence of endocrine disorders after TBI than older patients, and the incidence of endocrine disorders after TBI was estimated to be higher among women than among men. Finally, the time to the recorded diagnosis of endocrine disorders after TBI was shorter among women than among men. Conclusions: Post-TBI endocrine disorders are common among patients with TBI at Besat Hospital in Hamadan city, Iran, and women and younger patients with TBI are more susceptible to developing endocrine disorders after TBI.