Five Year Survival of Common Primary Bone Cancers in Guilan, The North Province of Iran, 2014 - 2018: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Primary bone tumors are rare but aggressive malignancies with varying prognostic outcomes. To improve treatment methods, it is crucial to understand the survival trends and demographic attributes of these patients. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and associated demographic and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with primary bone tumors in Guilan, the north province of Iran, between 2014 and 2018. Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the provincial cancer registry. Survival analyses were performed using life table methods, Kaplan–Meier estimates, and Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate survival outcomes and identify factors potentially predictive of prognosis. Results: The study included 166 patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1 and a mean age of 44.75 ± 25.55 years. The most prevalent primary bone tumor was osteosarcoma (14.5%), followed by chondrosarcoma (7.2%). The overall 5-year survival rate was 43%. Age at diagnosis had a significant effect on survival (P < 0.001), whereas gender was not significantly associated with survival. Conclusions: These results emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management strategies for enhancing patient outcomes.