Prevalence of Surgical Site Infections in Total Knee Arthroplasty Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Context: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgeries are among the most significant orthopedic procedures. The high sensitivity of these surgeries makes surgical site infections (SSIs) a critical concern worldwide. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of SSIs following TKA procedures. Evidence Acquisition: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted up to November 2024. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase to identify relevant studies. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was applied for quality assessment. A total of 375 articles were identified through database and hand searches, with 44 articles included in the statistical analysis. The results from the forest plot studies indicated heterogeneity among the studies. Results: The study found a low prevalence of SSIs in TKA surgeries, with a rate of 1.59% (95% CI: 1.44 - 1.73). Controlling the occurrence of SSIs is crucial due to the significance of these conditions, particularly in high-risk procedures like TKA. Conclusions: Given the importance of SSIs, hospital managers should design training courses for patients and healthcare workers to improve awareness of risk factors and preventive measures. Efforts should be made to control the factors that contribute to SSIs as much as possible.