Constraints Predicting the Amount of Regular Physical Activity in Adults

Abstract

Background: Individual, social, and cultural constraints can significantly impact physical activity throughout an individual's lifespan. Objectives: This study aims to predict the socio-cultural and individual constraints that affect regular physical activity in adults. Methods: The present study is correlational research. Participants comprised 5,822 employees working in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, sports federations, and provincial sports and youth departments in Iran, totaling a sample size of 360 individuals with a mean age of 44.88 ± 0.33 years. The sample was determined randomly according to the Morgan table, ensuring an unbiased selection of participants. The eligibility criteria included informed consent for study participation and an age range of 40 to 63 years, whereas the exclusion criteria included individuals with physical or mental impairments. The instruments for data collection were the BAZNEF Model Structures Questionnaire and the Standard Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Chi-square, logistic regression, and linear regression statistical analyses were employed for data evaluation. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between the demographic variables of age, field of study, and level of education with regular physical activity in adults. Among the constructs of the BAZNEF model, the construct of behavioral intention is considered the most important individual predictor of regular physical activity among adults. Additionally, subjective norms and attitude (participation motivation) influence the behavioral intention to engage in physical activity in adults. The individual attribute of behavioral intention is the most predictive factor of engaging in regular physical activity among adults. Conclusions: Socio-cultural and individual constraints (participation motivation) influence the intention to engage in regular physical activity among adults.