Body Image Perceptions and Influencing Factors in Adolescent Cochlear Implant Recipients

Abstract

Background: Body image perception significantly impacts adolescent psychological well-being. For adolescents with sensorineural hearing loss, cochlear implantation (CI) may influence body image due to the visible nature of the device, potentially affecting self-esteem and social interactions. Understanding these factors is essential for developing targeted interventions. Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the current status of body image in adolescent patients following CI and to analyze the factors influencing body image perception. Methods: A total of 104 adolescent patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who underwent unilateral CI at our CI Center from January 2020 to January 2024 were enrolled. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Body Image Scale (BIS), the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES), the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting body image in adolescents after CI. Results: The mean body image score among adolescent patients was 8.43 ± 3.65. Multiple linear regression analysis identified gender, primary caregiver’s education level, self-esteem, social support, and negative emotions as significant influencing factors of body image in adolescents, collectively explaining 34.4% of the total variance. Conclusions: Body image disturbances are present in adolescent patients following CI. Clinical healthcare providers should be attentive to body image concerns in these patients and implement targeted interventions based on influencing factors to enhance body image, thereby promoting physical and mental well-being.