Investigating the Protective Role of <i>Quercus brantii</i> Extract on HT29 Cell Viability Following Ionizing Radiation Exposure

Abstract

Background: Significant advancements have been achieved in treating various malignancies through radiotherapy (RT) in recent years; however, many patients often experience adverse effects from ionizing radiation. Radioprotective agents are, therefore, recommended to mitigate these side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the radioprotective properties of Quercus brantii extract on HT29 cells exposed to radiation. Methods: Preliminary screening was undertaken to evaluate the sensitivity of HT29 cells toward ionization. A dose of 4 Gy radiation was applied to reduce the percentage of survival of cells to 50% of the control cells. The radioprotection effect of the total extract of Q. brantii was examined on the HT29 cells. Results: Treatment with 10 µg/mL of Q. brantii extract significantly increased the viability of HT29 cells exposed to 4 Gy of ionizing radiation, improving cell survival (P < 0.001). The highest radioprotective efficacy was observed when the extract was administered 105 minutes prior to radiation exposure. Moreover, Q. brantii extract at this dose did not exhibit cytotoxicity to HT29 cells. Conclusions: The results indicate that Q. brantii exhibits significant radioprotective properties. Pending confirmation by in vivo and preclinical studies, low-dose administration of Q. brantii extract could be recommended alongside RT to reduce side effects and enhance both the efficacy and efficiency of RT in clinical settings.