Concurrent Presence of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Neoplastic Meningitis in a Recipient of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Cryptococcal meningitis is a rare disorder that is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in immunocompromised host. Case Presentation: The case was a 64-year-old man with a history of stem cell transplant for acute leukemia, who presented chronic meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and concurrent neoplastic meningitis with presence of malignant cells only in his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Conclusions: Chronic meningitis in immunocompromised hosts can be due to more than one pathologic etiology and we should do all diagnostic evaluation to rule out all possible differential diagnosis.