Effects of Oral Levamisole as an Adjuvant to Hepatitis B Vaccine in HIV/ AIDS Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
| Author | Babak Sayad | en |
| Author | Seyyed Moayed Alavian | en |
| Author | Farid Najafi | en |
| Author | Bita Soltani | en |
| Author | Maria Shirvani | en |
| Author | Alireza Janbakhsh | en |
| Author | Feyzollah Mansouri | en |
| Author | Mandana Afsharian | en |
| Author | Siavash Vaziri | en |
| Author | Arash Alikhani | en |
| Author | Homayoon Bashiri | en |
| Orcid | Babak Sayad [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Bita Soltani [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Maria Shirvani [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Alireza Janbakhsh [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Feyzollah Mansouri [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Mandana Afsharian [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Siavash Vaziri [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Arash Alikhani [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Orcid | Homayoon Bashiri [0000-0001-8686-9986] | en |
| Issued Date | 2012-09-30 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients are also frequently exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), due to the common routes of transmission, therefore, prevention of hepatitis B results in decreased complications of the disease. Objectives: Since the immune response of HIV patients to hepatitis B vaccination is less robust than that found in healthy individuals, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a levamisole adjuvant on increasing the immune response. Patients and Methods: In this study, 89 HIV infected patients, without a history of HBV infection or vaccination, were randomly allocated into experimental (44 patients) and control (45 patients) groups. HBV vaccination was performed using the Hepavax-Gene TF vaccine, 40 ?g three times at intervals of; zero, one, and three months. Levamisole 50 mg twice a day or a placebo, was administered to the experimental and control groups, respectively, for a period of six days before to six days after the vaccination. Immune response was evaluated by measuring hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb) concurrently with the second and third vaccine administration, and at one and three months at the conclusion of the vaccination program. Results: The immune response following the threevaccinations was higher in those who were receiving levamisole compared with the controls (90% vs. 65.38%) (P = 0.05). Furthermore, the immune response and the mean antibody titer following the repeated vaccination in the experimental group showed a higher increase than in the control group. The immune response and the mean titer of antibody were not associated with; age, sex, body mass index, history of smoking and/or intravenous drug use in either of the groups. However, regarding CD4+ cells more than 200 cell/mm3, mean antibody production significantly increased in both groups. Conclusions: Using levamisole with the hepatitis B vaccination can increase the immune response and antibody titer mean in HIV infected patients. Since these patients have a more complete response with CD4+ cells more than 200 cell/mm3, vaccination and effective adjuvants seem to be most beneficial when CD4+ cells are greater than 200 cell/mm3, in HIV infected patients. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/hepatmon.6234 | en |
| Keyword | HIV | en |
| Keyword | Hepatitis B Virus | en |
| Keyword | Vaccination | en |
| Keyword | Levamisole | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Effects of Oral Levamisole as an Adjuvant to Hepatitis B Vaccine in HIV/ AIDS Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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