A Review of the Pathogenesis of IgA Vasculitis Nephritis in Children

Abstract

In children, IgA Vasculitis (IgAV), formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is a common kidney illness primarily caused by anaphylactoid purpura. It is highly prevalent among youngsters, often presenting with symptoms such as skin purpura, abdominal pain, and hematuria. In some cases, IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) may progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), exacerbating renal function impairment and negatively impacting patient prognosis. To effectively develop preventive and therapeutic strategies for pediatric IgAVN, a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis is crucial. This review discusses the involvement of key biological markers, including galactose-deficient IgA1, C-reactive protein, and inflammatory cytokines, in the disease's pathophysiology. Additionally, it provides an overview of the specific diagnostic markers and clinical management strategies pertinent to this condition.