Investigating the Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of <i>Descurainia sophia</i><i>(L.)</i> Webb ex Prantl on Blood Glucose, Biochemistry Parameters, Fatty Profile, and Serology Factor in Diabetic Male Rats

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Studying the plants and effective compounds from plant extracts to prevent diabetes has become recently important. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract on blood glucose level, biochemical parameters, fat profile, and serological parameters in diabetic rats. Methods: In this study, 42 Wistar outbred rats were studied. The rats were divided into seven groups namely the control group, the control group with 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the Descurainia sophia extract, the diabetic rats, the diabetic rats receiving 0.4 mg/kg of glibenclamide, and the diabetic rats treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of the D. sophia extract. Streptozotocin was used for the diabetic rats through intraperitoneal injection, and extract was used by gavage method. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the research data in SPSS software. Results: The results showed that administration of D. sophia extract to diabetic rats reduces the blood glucose, biochemical enzymes level, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. There was no significant difference in cholesterol levels. In the rats which received the extract, the amount of albumin decreased and the amount of urea and creatinine increased significantly. Conclusions: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that this extract can be useful in preventing diabetes by reducing blood glucose, changing biochemical enzyme level, fat profile, and serological parameters; as D. sophia hydroalcoholic extract contains various compounds.