Diagnostic Value of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Pulmonary Infection
| Author | Yingying Li | en |
| Author | Ziheng Wang | en |
| Author | Siyue Xu | en |
| Author | Beibei Li | en |
| Author | Jing Chen | en |
| Author | Jie Li | en |
| Author | Guangping Xu | en |
| Author | Kun Yan | en |
| Author | Fang Yang | en |
| Author | Yangyan Wang | en |
| Author | Peng Zhang | en |
| Orcid | Yingying Li [0009-0005-2571-635X] | en |
| Orcid | Peng Zhang [0000-0002-2072-4941] | en |
| Issued Date | 2026-06-30 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis is essential for the management of pulmonary infections; however, conventional microbiological methods may be limited by prolonged turnaround time and incomplete pathogen coverage. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for pulmonary infections. Methods: Respiratory samples, including bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum, were collected from 122 patients with pulmonary infection at a tertiary care hospital in China between August and December 2025. All samples were tested using both tNGS and conventional microbiological methods. Detection time, positive detection rate, mixed-pathogen detection rate, pathogen distribution, antimicrobial resistance gene detection, and intermethod agreement were compared. Results: tNGS had a significantly shorter detection time than conventional microbiological methods: 24.00 (22.54, 25.53) hours versus 78.28 (74.58, 82.02) hours (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = -9.585; P < 0.001). The positive detection rate was higher with tNGS (93.44%, 114/122) than with conventional microbiological methods (66.39%, 81/122; P < 0.001). Mixed-pathogen detection was observed in 76 patients by tNGS and in 32 patients by conventional microbiological methods; paired analysis showed a significant difference between the two methods (McNemar χ2 = 33.02; P < 0.001). tNGS detected greater numbers of bacterial, fungal, viral, and uncommon or opportunistic pathogens and identified 7 antimicrobial resistance genes. The overall concordance rate between the two methods was 64.75% (79/122), with a Kappa value of 0.014. Conclusions: Compared with conventional microbiological methods, tNGS enabled faster detection, a higher positive detection rate, and broader pathogen coverage in pulmonary infections. Therefore, tNGS may serve as a useful adjunctive tool for etiological diagnosis in clinical practice. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm-172457 | en |
| URI | https://brieflands.com/journals/jjm/articles/172457 | en |
| Keyword | Targeted Next-generation Sequencing | en |
| Keyword | Pulmonary Infection | en |
| Keyword | Pathogen Detection | en |
| Keyword | Antimicrobial Resistance Genes | en |
| Keyword | Clinical Utility | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Diagnostic Value of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Pulmonary Infection | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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