Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Case-Control Study
| Author | Mehrdad Haghighi | en |
| Author | Fatemeh Rahmani | en |
| Author | Kourosh Shahkarami | en |
| Orcid | Mehrdad Haghighi [0000-0003-3139-3225] | en |
| Orcid | Fatemeh Rahmani [0000-0003-3540-6011] | en |
| Orcid | Kourosh Shahkarami [0000-0002-3408-5730] | en |
| Issued Date | 2026-10-31 | en |
| Abstract | Background: A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) remains a major cause of morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and lower-extremity amputation despite advances in diabetes mellitus management, imposing a substantial financial burden on health systems. Objectives: This study aimed to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to compare clinical and laboratory parameters between patients with and without an active DFU. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Imam Hossein Educational and Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. During 2024 - 2026, 200 patients with T2DM were recruited, including 102 with chronic DFU (cases) and 98 without DFU (controls). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from medical records and the hospital information system. Results: The mean age was 63.6 years among cases and 63.1 years among controls (P = 0.158). Body mass index was significantly higher in cases than in controls (28.0 ± 1.2 vs. 26.2 ± 0.9 kg/m2; P < 0.001). Diabetes duration was longer in patients with DFU (10 vs. 6.5 years; P = 0.02). Systolic blood pressure and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in the DFU group, and serum creatinine levels were also higher. Patients with DFU had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels than controls (19.82 ± 3.1 vs. 25.08 ± 2.4 ng/mL; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with DFU and a less favorable clinical profile, including higher blood pressure and impaired renal function. Routine assessment of vitamin D status and targeted supplementation may be considered a cost-effective adjunctive strategy in the multidisciplinary management of patients with T2DM. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/jcma-174420 | en |
| URI | https://brieflands.com/journals/jcma/articles/174420 | en |
| Keyword | Diabetic Foot Ulcer | en |
| Keyword | Vitamin D | en |
| Keyword | Diabetes Mellitus | en |
| Keyword | Serum Creatinine | en |
| Keyword | Systolic Blood Pressure | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Case-Control Study | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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