New Advances in Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Review Article
| Author | Masoud Mardani | en |
| Author | Zahra Abtahian | en |
| Orcid | Zahra Abtahian [0000-0001-7167-8503] | en |
| Issued Date | 2015-01-01 | en |
| Abstract | Context: It has been estimated that one-third of the world’s population are suffering from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In order to control tuberculosis in high-risk groups proper diagnosis and treatment is essential. Evidence Acquisition: Useless and expensive tests such as unfocused population-based tests can lead to futile and unnecessary treatments. Targeted screening approaches and individualization of LTBI treatment protocols must be a priority. Results: Diagnostic methods with immune based tests such as the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) can accurately detect LTBI. However, interferon-gamma release assays have higher specificity than TST in Bacille Camette-Gurin (BCG)-vaccinated populations; both tests are precise to identify latent tuberculosis. However, it is of great concern that both tests have insignificant roles in predicting risk of progression to active tuberculosis. Conclusions: Here we review the clinical applications, advantages, and limitations of the tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays and provide an overview of the most recent systematic reviews conducted for the comparison of these tests. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/pedinfect.22368 | en |
| Keyword | Latent Tuberculosis | en |
| Keyword | Interferon-gamma Release Tests | en |
| Keyword | BCG | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | New Advances in Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Review Article | en |
| Type | Review Article | en |
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