HBV Vaccination in Chronic Renal Failure Patients
| Author | Shahnaz Sali | en |
| Issued Date | 2006-06-30 | en |
| Abstract | HBV infection in chronic renal failure (CRF) becomes chronic in 30 to 60% compared with less than 10% in nonuremic patients. Immunological dysfunction in patients on hemodialysis may be related to imbalanced cytokine systems, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-|α|) and interleukin (IL) 6,1 by retention of renal metabolite in uremia and chronic inflammation and have a poor immunological reaction to T-cell-dependent antigens, like hepatitis B vaccination. Immunocompromised patients who are unresponsive to hepatitis B vaccination seem to be unable to enhance IL-10 synthesis for control of monokine overproduction. Moreover, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, which play a major role in the antigen presentation to immunocompetent cells, have also been shown to modulate this immune response. Unfortunately, seroconversion to anti-HBS has been reported to occur in only 40 to 50% of the vaccine, a significantly lower rate than that observed in healthy adults. Various methods including adjutants such as zinc, gamma interferon, thymopentine, GM-CSF and Levamisol for improving immune responses have been advised. Experience with Pres1/s2, third-generation vaccines is limited and they have not been proven more effective than intradermally (ID) administered second-generation S antigen vaccines. Both intramuscular (IM) and intradermal (ID) vaccinations against hepatitis B have variable efficiency in hemodialysis and non-responders should be retreated by ID route. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/ | en |
| Keyword | CRF | en |
| Keyword | Vaccination | en |
| Keyword | Hepatitis B | en |
| Keyword | Immunoresponse | en |
| Keyword | TNFa | en |
| Keyword | Interleukin | en |
| Keyword | Pre-S Vaccine | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | HBV Vaccination in Chronic Renal Failure Patients | en |
| Type | Review Article | en |
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