Effects of Psycho-Spiritual Program on Hope, Resilience, and Diabetes Burnout Among Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
| Author | Masome Rafat | en |
| Author | Alireza Rafi | en |
| Author | Sanaz Shajari Sales | en |
| Author | Samaneh Naeimi | en |
| Author | Arash Neshati | en |
| Author | Yaser Khanchemehr | en |
| Orcid | Masome Rafat [0009-0008-7665-4234] | en |
| Orcid | Alireza Rafi [0000-0001-5442-2741] | en |
| Orcid | Sanaz Shajari Sales [0009-0002-8983-8063] | en |
| Orcid | Samaneh Naeimi [0000-0002-5321-1130] | en |
| Orcid | Arash Neshati [0009-0006-8291-4368] | en |
| Orcid | Yaser Khanchemehr [0000-0002-3098-9329] | en |
| Issued Date | 2026-09-30 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with substantial psychological challenges. Objectives: This study investigated whether a structured psycho-spiritual intervention could improve hope and resilience and reduce diabetes burnout among women with T2DM. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 83 women with T2DM were allocated to either an 8-session psycho-spiritual intervention plus routine care or to routine care only. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and at the 2-month follow-up. The primary outcome was hope, measured using the Herth Hope Index (HHI). Secondary outcomes were resilience, measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25), and diabetes burnout, measured using the Diabetes Burnout Scale (DBS-12). Intention-to-treat data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons. Results: The intervention yielded a nonsignificant improvement in hope (group × time interaction: F(2, 160) = 1.92, P = 0.15; Cohen's d = 0.23). However, significant between-group differences over time were observed for resilience, which increased substantially in the intervention group (F(2, 160) = 18.67, P < 0.001; d = 0.83), and for diabetes burnout, which decreased markedly (F(2, 160) = 22.94, P < 0.001; d = 0.91). Improvements in the secondary outcomes were maintained at the 2-month follow-up, whereas the control group showed minimal changes across all measures. Conclusions: The psycho-spiritual intervention significantly enhanced resilience and reduced diabetes burnout in women with T2DM; however, improvement in the primary outcome, hope, did not reach statistical significance. These findings provide preliminary support for integrating psycho-spiritual approaches into comprehensive diabetes care, although further replication with longer follow-up is warranted. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-173585 | en |
| URI | https://brieflands.com/journals/ijpbs/articles/173585 | en |
| Keyword | Diabetes Burnout | en |
| Keyword | Hope | en |
| Keyword | Psycho-Spiritual Intervention | en |
| Keyword | Randomized Controlled Trial | en |
| Keyword | Resilience | en |
| Keyword | Type 2 Diabetes | en |
| Keyword | Women | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Effects of Psycho-Spiritual Program on Hope, Resilience, and Diabetes Burnout Among Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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