Motor Function and Clinical Applications in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Abstract

Context: Recent studies have increasingly underscored the importance of motor function difficulties in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has identified motor dysfunction as an early sign that often appears before communication challenges occur. Objectives: This comprehensive review examines the characteristics and consequences of these motor irregularities, which may present as delays in physical development and atypical motor behaviors, such as heightened repetitive motions. Study Selection: The correlation between physical skills and communication proficiency hints at a possible role in the onset of ASD. Data Extraction: Although the existence of motor difficulties is well-documented, obstacles persist in clearly identifying specific early motor patterns and distinguishing ASD from other developmental disorders. Results: Programs aimed at enhancing basic motor skills have yielded encouraging results in boosting physical abilities in children with autism; however, the effects on social communication skills remain variable. Conclusions: This analysis highlights the necessity for further investigation using cutting-edge technologies, long-term monitoring of infants at risk, and randomized controlled trials to deepen our understanding of motor functions in ASD. By incorporating motor skills training into therapeutic approaches, we may be able to lessen activity restrictions and enhance participation outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder.