Shiraz E-Medical Journal

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In Collaboration with Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

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Shiraz e Medical Journal is an open-access monthly publication by the health policy research center at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences as an Organization. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles, meeting reports, mini-reviews, and letters on all aspects of health sciences with special emphasis on public health. A full list of the types of articles can be found in the Help menu of the journal.

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Ganoderic Acid A Extract Induces Apoptosis and Upregulates Autophagy-Related Genes in NALM-6 Cell Line: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
(Brieflands, 2025-03-08) Hanie Shafiee; Reza Fotouhi-Ardakani; Parisa Tandel; Faezeh Mortazavi; Simin Taheri; Atefeh Bahmei; Gholamhossein Tamaddon; Nahid Nasiri
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common leukemia in children and is associated with a high relapse rate despite current treatments. Ganoderic acid A (GAA) is a bioactive compound found in Ganoderma lucidum that has shown potential antileukemic properties. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a GAA extract on autophagy gene expression and apoptosis induction in the NALM-6 cell line. Methods: A total of 20 × 103 NALM-6 cells were cultured in triplicate across various conditions: Culture condition supplemented with GAA, culture condition supplemented with L-asparaginase, culture condition supplemented with both GAA and L-asparaginase, and culture condition alone without L-asparaginase and GAA. The optimal concentration of GAA treatment was determined using an MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell death induced by GAA treatment, using FITC-conjugated propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V staining. The expression levels of autophagy-related genes, including MAP1LC3B, BECN1, ATG5, ATG10, RB1CC1, and AMBRA1, were measured in the groups using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The results of the MTT test indicated that the half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GAA against leukemic cells was 140 μg/mL after 48 hours of treatment. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a 40.5% increase in apoptosis and cell death at a concentration of 140 μg/mL of GAA after 48 hours. Furthermore, treatment with GAA resulted in upregulation of the expression of MAP1LC3B (P = 0.024), BECN1 (P = 0.035), ATG5 (P = 0.024), ATG10 (P = 0.024), RB1CC1 (P = 0.024), and AMBRA1 (P = 0.024) in NALM-6 cells compared to the control groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that GAA has potential as a therapeutic agent for ALL. The GAA might have potential therapeutic properties against ALL.
Primary Spinal Tumors Epidemiology in Fars, Iran: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study
(Brieflands, 2025-03-08) Ali Namjoo-Moghadam; Ahmad Soltani; Iman Ahrari; Mahsa Ghavipisheh; Sobhan Ahrari; Majid Reza Farrokhi
Background: Primary spinal tumors are rare, and epidemiologic studies on this topic are limited. These tumors may originate from the spinal cord, cauda equina, or spinal meninges. Various factors, including age and sex, influence the epidemiology of primary spinal tumors. Objectives: This study provides a descriptive report on the epidemiology of primary spinal tumors in Fars province, southern Iran. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients with primary spinal tumors who underwent surgery at major neurosurgery centers in Fars province from 2001 to 2019. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data concerning sex, age, tumor histology, and behavior. Results: The study included 166 patients with primary spinal tumors. The mean age of the patients was 41.9 years (SD, 17.1 years), with 55.4% being female. Among the patients, 66.9% had spinal cord tumors, 25.9% had tumors of the spinal meninges, and 7.2% had tumors in the cauda equina. Most tumors were intradural extramedullary (45.2%), followed by intramedullary tumors (42.2%) and extradural tumors (12.7%). Of the total, 76 tumors (45.8%) were classified as malignant, while 90 tumors (54.2%) were non-malignant. The most frequent histological types were ependymoma (24.1%), nerve sheath tumors (22.3%), and meningioma (20.5%). An increase in the relative incidence of astrocytic and ependymal tumors was observed compared to previous studies conducted in the same region. Conclusions: This study presents a comprehensive epidemiologic report on primary spinal tumors in Fars province, Iran. Further nationwide studies, including all diagnosed spinal tumors, are recommended.
Comparing the Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block and Gabapentin on the Post Mastectomy Pain Syndrome
(Brieflands, 2008-04-01) H Hoseinzade; Ata Mahmoodpoor; D Agamohammadi; S Sanaie
Background: The reported incidence of post mastectomy pain syndrome following surgery for breast cancer varies considerably with reports from as low as 4-6% to as high as 100%. This pain can be severe enough to interfere with sleep and performance of daily activities. Post mastectomy pain syndrome is a neuropathic pain condition that can follow surgical treatment for breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of stellate ganglion block with gabapentin on post mastectomy pain. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients referred from department of oncology and surgery to pain clinic were allocated to two groups. In group A stellate ganglion block was performed with 8ml bupivacaine 0.25%. In group B, patients were treated with gabapentin 900mg per day in three divided doses. Drug dose was increased if necessary until eight weeks. Pain score and quality of life were determined. Data were collected before treatment, 48 hours and every 15 days after treatment until three months. Results: Pain scores at 48 hours after treating were higher in group B than group A and lower at one week, one month and three months after treatment which were statically significant. (P Conclusion: In our study gabapentin was used as an ideal treatment technique for chronic pain following breast surgery.
Value of Core Needle Biopsy as the First Diagnostic Procedure in the Palpable Breast Masses
(Brieflands, 2008-10-01) F Karimian; A Aminian; E Hashemi; AP Meysamie; R Mirsharifi; A Alibakhshi
Background: Breast core needle biopsy (CNB) provides enough tissue for histopathologic diagnosis and is considered a reliable method for establishing preoperative tissue diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate CNB as the first diagnostic step instead of excisional biopsy in palpable breast masses. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, patients with palpable breast mass who underwent CNB were enrolled. Based on pathology report, patients with malignant lesions revealed by CNB were immediately candidate for surgery and those who had benign lesions were followed up to 3 years. Results: 112 females with palpable breast mass were enrolled in the study. In 103 (91.9%) of cases first attempt CNB provided adequate sample tissue. CNB detected malignant lesion in seventy eight (69.6%) patients. All (100%) malignant CNB reports were confirmed at surgery specimen pathology. In 34 (30.4%) patients CNB revealed benign lesion. At the end of 3 years follow up period, 25 (73%) of these patients underwent open biopsy leading to the detection of 1 (3%) malignant tumor. Overall, according to the gold standard defined as positive surgical biopsy or positive follow-up, sensitivity of CNB was calculated as 98.7% (95% CI, 94.1-100%) and its accuracy was 99.1% (95% CI, 97.4-100%). The specificity of the CNB procedure was 100%. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the malignancy detection power provided by CNB may be weighed equal to that of open biopsy. Therefore, we propose CNB as the first choice in diagnostic evaluation of palpable breast mass especially for those in accessible sites and in experienced hands.
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy, Initial Experience in Iran.
(Brieflands, 2009-01-01) R Azizi; MM Danesh-Pageuh; L Zahedi-Shoolami
Purpose:: we report initial experience of stapling hemorrhoidopexy in Iran. Methods:: Forty-nine patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids were treated in three medical centers; 29 with Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids (P.P.H) (Ethicon Endo-surgery), and 20 with Straightforward Trans Anal Mucohemorrhoidectomy (STRAM-kit) (Tyco Healthcare, Norwalk, US). Patients were prospectively evaluated for postoperative pain, anorectal functional status, morbidity and postoperative complications. The follow up period was at least 6 months. Results:: Forty-nine patients were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 49.3 years. There were 23(46.9%) males and 26(53.1%) females. The median duration of symptom was 7.5 years. No mortality was reported. Urinary retention was the most common complication. Three patients had delayed bleeding. Postoperative pain was classified as painless, mild, moderate and severe. 39 cases (79.6%) had a mild to moderate pain relieved by an Acetaminophen tablet or NSAID. Thirty-six patients (73.5%) were fully satisfied with the operation result. All patients except one (99%) had returned to their normal functional life and their normal activity within 48 hours post-operation. Conclusion:: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is a safe effective procedure with low complication, minimal postoperative pain and early recovery.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared to the Healthy Population in Shiraz, Iran
(Brieflands, 2017-03-01) Negar Darvish; Negin Hadi; Elham Aflaki; Khadijeh Salehi Rad; Ali Montazeri
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic and complex autoimmune diseases, involving multiple organs. Therefore, quality of life (QoL) in SLE and RA patients can be affected. The current study aimed to compare SLE and RA patients with the healthy population in terms of health-related QoL (HRQoL) in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: The present cross sectional, analytical study was performed on 100 SLE patients, 100 RA patients, and 200 healthy controls, who were referred to the rheumatology clinics (Motahari and Hafez clinics) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Demographic data including age, gender, educational level, and disease duration were evaluated. The Persian-translated version of 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) was used as a tool for evaluating HRQoL. For statistical analysis, Pearson’s correlation test, t-test, and ANOVA were performed, using SPSS. Results: Comparison of SLE and RA patients with healthy controls showed that the control group obtained higher scores in 8 subscales of SF-36 questionnaire. Based on the findings, RA patients had the lowest scores between the groups. Age and disease duration had a significant negative linear correlation with HRQoL, while educational level had a significant positive linear correlation with HRQoL. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between gender and HRQoL. Conclusions: HRQoL was lower in RA patients in comparison with the SLE group. In fact, RA patients, who suffered from body pain and disability, obtained lower scores in both physical and mental domains. Therefore, promoting the patients’ health literacy, as an empowerment strategy, plays a key role in improving HRQoL.
The Shiraz Adult Respiratory Disease Study, a Population-Based Survey: Rationale, Design and Methods
(Brieflands, 2017-04-30) Seyed Masoom Masoompour; Hamideh Mahdaviazad; Seiyed Mohammad Ali Ghayumi; Mehrab Sayadi
Background: Despite preventable and curable nature of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases (CORDs), these are still remains as a growing problem, both in developed and developing countries. One of the major reasons for this ignorance is lacking of precise information on the prevalence of CORDs and their major determinants. Objectives: This protocol study aimed at providing a population-based data for the prevalence of CORDs and exploring its socioeconomic determinants in adult population of Shiraz, Iran. Methods: This adult respiratory disease study was designed as a cross sectional survey among urban and suburban population of Shiraz, Iran, during August to December 2015. The local ethics committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences authorized the protocol, which adhered to the tenets of the declaration of Helsinki (1975). The study included more than 6,000 noninstitutionalized inhabitants older than 20 years, from the 9 municipal districts of Shiraz city. The sample consisted of 0.5% of the 1,219,237 total inhabitants in the survey area. The sample selection was based on the stratified random sampling method proportionate to the number of municipal districts and strata. After obtaining official permissions, trained interviewers visited the selected homes and completed the data collection form and main questionnaire. Following the completion of recruitment and an initial analysis process, we called and invited the participants with the COPD diagnosis score more than 19.5 to pass the spirometry test in the clinic. The main questionnaire that covered respiratory symptoms was developed from prior validated questionnaires that had been used in several studies. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA). A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In this protocol study, we shared our standard protocol considering perfect selection of the study samples and precise examination procedure with effective quality assurance strategies. Conclusions: We anticipate that future reports from the Shiraz adult respiratory disease study would estimate the prevalence of CORDs and their related determinants in the community. Moreover, it will identify patients who should be targeted by respiratory disease prevention programs.
Investigating Transport Protocols for Mobile Health Applications of WSNs
(Brieflands, 2018-01-15) F S Tabei; B Askarian
Teaching Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) to Undergraduate Medical Students through Flipped Classroom Approach
(Brieflands, 2018-02-28) Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb; Mitra Amini; Mahboobeh Saber; Mohsen Moghadami; Parisa Nabiei; Roya Khalili; Rita Rezaee; Leila Bazrafcan; Ali Asghar Hayat
Introduction: Medical students should be trained about the fundamental skills of evidence- based medicine (EBM) during undergraduate medical education curriculum. This article introduces an innovative model for initiation and development of a flipped classroom for teaching EBM to sixth- year undergraduate medical students in Shiraz Medical School, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: After conducting needs assessment and setting objectives for the program, blended leaning format and flipped classroom strategy were used. A student satisfaction measurement form was designed to evaluate the flipped classroom based on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.86 after a pilot study. We also used the questionnaires based on Berlin questionnaire to measure students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice about the EBM course in a pre- and posttest design. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire had been approved in our previous study. Also, the result of a summative examination after finishing the course was used as a measure of course goal achievement. Results: A total of 280 medical students on their sixth year of study participated in the flipped classroom in 6 different rotations. A total of 266 (95%) students passed the course and only 14 (%5) failed. The results of posttest scores based on the EBM domains revealed that the best result was obtained in teaching clinical questions’ format (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome). The lowest posttest scores were in the domain of biostatistics. The overall quality of flipped classroom was reported well by the students. The students stated that the ability to apply knowledge and skills in managing patients were developed in this course. Discussions: In our experience, flipping classroom was a practical and essential activity to educate a large number of medical students about EBM. We acknowledge that the development of deep learning is instructors’ responsibility and that implementing blended learning and flipping classroom can facilitate students’ knowledge and skills about this important topic. We hope that other medical schools all over the world use the flipped classroom discussed in this article to redesign their classrooms in such a way that enables students to develop necessary skills and get involved in deep learning. This will improve the health of the society in the near future.
Teaching Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) to Undergraduate Medical Students through Flipped Classroom Approach
(Brieflands, 2018-02-28) Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb; Mitra Amini; Mahboobeh Saber; Mohsen Moghadami; Parisa Nabiei; Roya Khalili; Rita Rezaee; Leila Bazrafcan; Ali Asghar Hayat
Introduction: Medical students should be trained about the fundamental skills of evidence- based medicine (EBM) during undergraduate medical education curriculum. This article introduces an innovative model for initiation and development of a flipped classroom for teaching EBM to sixth- year undergraduate medical students in Shiraz Medical School, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: After conducting needs assessment and setting objectives for the program, blended leaning format and flipped classroom strategy were used. A student satisfaction measurement form was designed to evaluate the flipped classroom based on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.86 after a pilot study. We also used the questionnaires based on Berlin questionnaire to measure students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice about the EBM course in a pre- and posttest design. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire had been approved in our previous study. Also, the result of a summative examination after finishing the course was used as a measure of course goal achievement. Results: A total of 280 medical students on their sixth year of study participated in the flipped classroom in 6 different rotations. A total of 266 (95%) students passed the course and only 14 (%5) failed. The results of posttest scores based on the EBM domains revealed that the best result was obtained in teaching clinical questions’ format (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome). The lowest posttest scores were in the domain of biostatistics. The overall quality of flipped classroom was reported well by the students. The students stated that the ability to apply knowledge and skills in managing patients were developed in this course. Discussions: In our experience, flipping classroom was a practical and essential activity to educate a large number of medical students about EBM. We acknowledge that the development of deep learning is instructors’ responsibility and that implementing blended learning and flipping classroom can facilitate students’ knowledge and skills about this important topic. We hope that other medical schools all over the world use the flipped classroom discussed in this article to redesign their classrooms in such a way that enables students to develop necessary skills and get involved in deep learning. This will improve the health of the society in the near future.
Correlation Between Anxiety Disorders and Asthma Severity Indices in Asthmatic Children
(Brieflands, 2023-06-30) Mahsa Rekabi; Parisa Honarpisheh; Mahboobeh Karimi-Galougahi; Vahab Rekabi; Maryam Vasheghani; Narges Eslami; Samin Sharafian; Hooman Sharifi; Alireza Mahdaviani; Mahboubeh Mansouri; Sasan Vasegh; Armin Shirvani; Paniz Pourpashang
Background: Anxiety and depression in patients with asthma have been linked to frequent exacerbations, increased use of healthcare resources, and poor asthma control. Objectives: In the current study, we examined the correlations between asthma and symptoms of depression/anxiety in adolescents with asthma referred to Masih Daneshvari and Mofid hospitals during 2020 - 2021. Methods: The current observational, cross-sectional study was conducted by administering the Spence Children Anxiety Scale and a demographic information checklist among 105 subjects. Asthma severity was measured using forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), the number of short-acting β-2 agonists used per week or month, the number of night awakenings per week or month, having asthma symptoms in daily activities, the number of asthma attacks needing oral corticosteroids per year, and the number of disease exacerbations per week or month. Data were analyzed, and the correlation between the variables was investigated through linear regression and ordinal logistic regression. Results: Patients with a mean age of 11.3 ± 2.5 years showed a mean overall anxiety score of 14 ± 9 out of 114. There was a significant negative correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (P < 0.001). There was also a direct correlation between the overall score of anxiety disorders and the frequency of using β-2 agonists, the number of night awakenings, interference with normal functions, and exacerbation frequency (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings indicated a significant association between anxiety disorders and asthma in children. Considering the high prevalence of asthma in Iran than the global average, studying the underlying mechanisms of anxiety and psychological and environmental variables in children with asthma can aid in developing effective psychological therapies.
True Mycotic Aneurysms: A Report of Three Patients with Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm and Mucormycosis and Literature Review
(Brieflands, 2022-09-30) Mahtab Rostamihosseinkhani; Etrat Hooshmandi; Vahid Reza Ostovan; Hanieh Bazrafshan; Zahra Bahrami; Afshin Borhani-Haghighi; Collaborating Authors Working Group
Introduction: Aneurysm formation of internal carotid arteries (ICA) in patients with mucormycosis is a scarce phenomenon. However, the prevalence of rhino-cerebral mucormycosis has been reported to increase after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Case Presentation: Three patients with stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage presented due to ICA aneurysm after the involvement of adjacent paranasal sinuses (PNS) with mucormycosis. They had a history of diabetes and corticosteroid use. Also, one of them was treated with imatinib. Two out of the three patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2 before developing mucormycosis. Two patients had diagnostic angiography before endovascular intervention. One patient did not undergo any therapeutic intervention due to total artery occlusion, whereas the other patient experienced a successful parent artery occlusion by coiling and only survived this patient. Although all patients received antifungal treatment and surgical debridement, two of them died. Conclusions: In patients with rhino-cerebral mucormycosis, aneurysm evolution should be promptly and meticulously investigated by Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). As this type of aneurysm is very fast-growing, as soon as the involvement of the sphenoid sinus is detected, the possibility of ICA aneurysm formation should always be kept in mind. If the patient develops an aneurysm, prompt intensive antifungal therapy and therapeutic endovascular interventions such as stenting, coiling, or sacrificing should be considered as soon as possible to optimize outcomes.
The Relationship Between Unwanted Pregnancy with Mother and Father Attachment to Infant
(Brieflands, 2017-12-31) Yosra Sayahi; Nahid Javadifar; Bahman Cheraghian; Miaad Sayahi; Pourandokht Afshari
Background and Objectives: Parents’ attachment is a strong and fundamental indicator in the formation of infant secure attachment and provides a model for the present-future emotional-social functioning. Since the unwanted pregnancy has harmful consequences for the health of the mother and the child and can affect the attachment of the parent to infant, this study was to determine the relationship between unwanted pregnancy and parental attachment in Ahvaz city. Methods: The sample consisted of 320 couple (320 mothers and 320 fathers) who have visited the healthcare centers for their 2 to 6-month-old infants. The data were collected through Muller (for mothers), Condon (for fathers), and demographic-reproductive questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Findings: According to the scores of two distinct questionnaires, the father attachment mean score in the group of unwanted was obtained 68.43 ± 15.5, and 79.77 ± 10.63 in the group of wanted. The mother attachment mean score was obtained 87.51 ± 5.13 in the group of unwanted and, 97.33 ± 7.91 in the group of wanted. There was a significant difference in father’s and mother’s attachment scores between the two groups of wanted and unwanted pregnancy (P < 0.001). Based on the multivariate regression, variables of unwanted pregnancy, general marital satisfaction, spouse-to-child attachment, and children numbers, were determined as the effective predicting variables on the attachment of mothers and fathers. Conclusions: To improve parental attachment regarding parents exposed with this type of pregnancy, serious attention should be given to the issue of unwanted pregnancies through making decisions about giving training and consultation services to the parents in healthcare centers.
Characterization Of Two Soluble (52 / 42 Kda) Glycoproteins Whose Pattern Is Up-Regulated During Yeast-To-Filament Growth Transition Of C. Albicans
(Brieflands, 2007-07-01) Mourad ER-RASFA
In this study, we sought to investigate the pattern of cellular glycoproteins during yeast-to-filament growth transition in Candida albicans, in vitro. By mean of glycoprotein extraction with Concanavalin A-Sepharose, and Western Blot analysis with peroxidase-labeled lectins (concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin), we have characterized two glycoproteins (52 kDa and 42 kDa) whose pattern is increased in the filamentous form of C.albicans. Analysis of subcellular fractions of C.albicans showed that the 52/42 kDa glycoproteins are located in the soluble fraction. in vitro treatment of concanavalin A-Sepharose extracted 52/42 kDa glycoproteins with the peptide N-linked glycosidase F showed that the 52 kDa protein is highly N-glycosylated and mannose 0-glycosylated, whereas the 42 kDa is N-glycosylated. Regulation of synthesis and / or glycosylation of the 52/42 kDa glycoproteins could be associated with yeast-to-filament growth transition of C.albicans.
Minimum Dataset of Lung Cancer Patients: An Initial Step Towards Developing a Web-Based Personal Health Record
(Brieflands, 2024-12-31) Narges Mahmoodi; Ali Garavand; Mahnaz Samadbeik; Monireh Tahvildarzadeh; Ali Asghar Kiani
Background: Personal Health Records (PHR), which utilize advanced health information technology tools, play a crucial role in patient self-management and improving the control of chronic diseases such as lung cancer. To optimize the design of these systems, it is essential to determine the necessary data elements. Objectives: This study aims to identify the minimum dataset required for designing a web-based PHR for lung cancer patients. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted in 2023. Initially, a lung cancer dataset was extracted through text analysis. In the next phase, a proposed minimum lung cancer dataset was formulated into a questionnaire containing 18 data groups, including 126 data elements. The dataset underwent expert validation in two phases using the Delphi technique. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with descriptive statistics employed. Results: The minimum web-based PHR dataset for lung cancer patients, consisting of 18 data groups (112 data elements), includes demographics, insurance information, emergency contact details, patient symptoms, tumor-related data, physician details, treatment information, patient-reported measurements, personal medical history, history of procedures and surgeries, visits, allergies, family history, medication information, test results, imaging data, dietary information, and educational materials. Conclusions: Based on the study findings, it is recommended that lung cancer data management encompass not only routine information but also additional dimensions such as allergies, tumor-related information, and dietary details. Collecting comprehensive and complete data can significantly enhance the treatment process and post-treatment follow-up.
The Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being in Women with Breast Cancer
(Brieflands, 2017-10-31) Khadijeh Ahoei; Mahbobeh Faramarzi; Ramezan Hassanzadeh
Background: As crisis caused by cancer results in imbalances and inconsistencies in body and mind as well as many psychological problems in patient’s life, spiritual intelligence is a critical source to increase resistance to the disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being in women with breast cancer in Babol. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in the spring 2016 on 90 women with breast cancer referring for treatment to Shahid Rajaei hospital of Babolsar, and Ayatollah Rouhani and the counseling center for cancer registry of Babol. Demographic characteristics of patients such as age, marital status, education, occupation, place of residence (urban or rural), and duration of illness were recoded. In addition, two questionnaires of spiritual intelligence self-report inventory (SISRI-24) and Brief Reef Well-Being (18 questions) were used. Results: The results showed that the mean score of spiritual intelligence was 69.90 ± 14.13 (range of 0 - 98) and the mean score of psychological well-being was 75.01 ± 12.10 (range of 1 - 108). There was a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being (r = 0.47). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that spiritual intelligence predicted 22% of variance of psychological well-being. Among the demographic characteristics, only the relationship between education and psychological well-being was significant (r = 0.2). Based on the results of backward regression analysis, demographic variables were excluded from the model due to the lack of statistically significant relationship with psychological well-being, and only spiritual intelligence variable (B = 0.41) was identified as the strong independent predictor of psychological well-being of cancer patients in the final model. Conclusions: It is recommended for cancer treatment and cancer support centers to improve the skills of spiritual intelligence in women with breast cancer, especially in terms of personal meaning production, to promote psychological well-being.
A Problem Oriented Foresight Model for Population
(Brieflands, 2019-06-25) Maryam Ardebili; Amir Nazemi; Mohammad Jalal Abbasi Shavazi; Ali Asghar Pourezzat
Background: The choice of methods for shaping the effective foresight model has always been challenging. Future studies are supposed to re-integrate and re-frame issues in order to provide novel solutions. It is very difficult to choose from a large number of (about 100) methods from various disciplines and different paradigmatic and methodological roots while avoiding stereotypes. Methods: Involving both the experts of the field and the future researchers, a new approach for selection of method in forward-looking policy is presented, and based on policy challenges, future researchers were asked to prioritize methods to improve population policy by attractiveness and capability criteria. Results: As the final result, four methods were chosen considering the main aspects of attractiveness and capability of each method to improve each specific policy issue. Priorities were determined by calculating the total number of choices by capability of method, multiplied by the attractiveness of methods through the questionnaire to form the foresight model: casual layered analysis (CLA) with 2250 points, scenario with 1596 points, expert panels with 1560 points, and interviews with 1232 points, which were the top four methods, respectively. Conclusions: The path and logic used in this research to select the model of population foresight can be generalized to other public policy areas and can be a methodological basis for other applied interdisciplinary studies.
Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Management: Revolutionizing the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus; a Literature Review
(Brieflands, 2024-07-31) Alireza Keshtkar; Nazanin Ayareh; Farnaz Atighi; Reza Hamidi; Parsa Yazdanpanahi; Alireza Karimi; Arzhang Naseri; Fatemeh Hosseini; Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh
Context: The diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, are rapidly evolving thanks to artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). This review explores the applications of AI in risk assessment and diagnosing different types of diabetes. Evidence Acquisition: The review highlights the effectiveness of various ML models, including support vector machines (SVMs), random forests (RFs), and DL techniques like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in achieving high diagnostic accuracy. Challenges include limited data availability, interpretability of complex models, and the need for standardized performance metrics. Results: Machine learning methods like SVMs and RFs are highly effective at diagnosing different types of diabetes, and DL techniques like CNNs also show great promise. Conclusions: Overall, AI has immense potential to revolutionize diabetes diagnosis by facilitating risk assessment and early detection, improving treatment efficacy, and preventing severe complications.
ChatGPT as an Inventor: Does It Make Sense?
(Brieflands, 2024-04-30) Mohammad Reza Hatamnejad; Alireza Doostian; Setayesh Sotoudehnia Korani; Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi
This article does not have an abstract.
Mobile Health and HbA1c in Diabetics: A Review Study
(Brieflands, 2018-01-15) Behnam Honarvar; K.B lankarani

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