Oral changes associated with tobacco and opioids consumption in patients referred to Zahedan Dental School

Author	M Shirzaei
Issued Date	2011-12-31
Abstract	Background: Smoking leads to several oral complications and it is a predisposing factor for oral cancer. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the oral changes related to consumption of tobacco & opioids in patients attending the Oral Medicine Center at Zahedan Dental School. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed based on simple sampling. A total of 211 tobacco and opioids smoker persons attending the Oral Medicine Department at Zahedan Dental School were examined during February to May 2006. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Statistical tests including the chi-square and variance tests were used for analysis of data. Findings: Of 211 persons, 186 were males and 25 females with a mean age of 38.5±7.6 years. The overall prevalence of oral changes was 98.5% and the prevalence of every single change in oral cavity was 3.3% (leukoedema) 30.8% (pigmentation) 21.7% (leukoedema and pigmentation) 43.3% (leukoedema, pigmentation and hyperkeratosis) 0.9% (leukoedema-pigmentation, and tobacco pouch). The prevalence of oral changes in men was higher than in women (p
DOI	https://doi.org/
Keyword	Oral Changes
Keyword	Smoking
Keyword	Tobacco
Keyword	Opioids
Publisher	Brieflands
Title	Oral changes associated with tobacco and opioids consumption in patients referred to Zahedan Dental School
Type	issue_documents_importer

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