Correlation of Hematological Parameters with Specific Antigen Concentration and Prostate Volume in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Retrospective-Analytical Study

Abstract

Background and Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between prostate volume, blood prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration, and 12 hematological variables in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: Data for 12 hematological traits were extracted from the records of 166 hospitalized patients at Ashayer Hospital in Khorramabad during 2021 - 2022 and analyzed using correlation and regression procedures in SAS statistical software. Results: Significant correlations were identified between PSA concentration and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelet count, and red cell distribution width (RDW). The highest correlation coefficients for PSA were with MCV (0.316) and platelet count (0.305). Multiple linear regression models identified key variables, including patient age, white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, and RDW. Models for estimating PSA concentration demonstrated higher statistical validity (R2 = 0.510 to 0.540) than those for prostate volume, likely due to stronger phenotypic associations with hematological traits. Specific hematological traits with the lowest tolerance and highest variance inflation factor (VIF) included neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit percentage. Conclusions: Hematological parameters were less effective in predicting prostate volume but valuable for estimating serum PSA concentration, offering potential insights for diagnostic models in BPH. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given study limitations, such as the retrospective design.