The prevalence of type 2 diabetes complications and their related factors in Semnan, Iran: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease and one of the major public health problems in societies due to its prevalence and complications. This study aims to assess the prevalence of type 2 diabetes complications and their related factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 diabetic patients (51% males vs. 49% females) in Semnan, Iran in 2023. The study tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by experts (CVR=0.90 and CVI=0.87). The descriptive results were calculated and reported as frequency (percentage) for qualitative variables and mean (standard deviation) for quantitative ones. Also, due to the qualitative nature of the variables, the statistical relationship between demographic and background variables with the prevalence of disease complications was evaluated using the chi-square test. Results: The mean age of participants was 51.93 years. According to the results, 19% of patients experienced type 2 diabetes complications, so that 8.5% had neuropathy (95% CI: ±2.73), 8% had retinopathy (95% CI: ±2.65), and 2.75% had nephropathy (95% CI: ±1.60). Among the demographic and background variables, the following items were significantly associated with the prevalence and severity of the complications: education level, employment status, nativity, urban or rural residency, type of basic health insurance, the time elapsed since diagnosis of the disease, the time interval between diagnosis of the disease and commencement of care, disease control status, and place of receiving care (P