Sydenham Chorea in a Girl with Dextrocardia and Situs Inversus

Abstract

Sydenham Chorea (SC) is a childhood disease that most frequently occurs after infection with group A β-hemolytic streptococcus species. SC is the most commonly acquired childhood chorea, usually affecting 5 to 15-year-old children. Dextrocardia situs inversus refers to the heart being situated on the right side of the body. We found a case of SC with coexisting dextrocardia and situs inversus, which is rare to our knowledge. A 14-year-old girl was referred to Ali-Ibn-Abiltaleb Hospital due to choreoathetotic movements more in her upper than lower extremities, which impaired her usual function. Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer was high. Her throat culture was positive for streptococci beta hemolytic. In cardiac study, moderate mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, diastolic dysfunction, conus in the Right Ventricle Outlet (RVOT), right-sided aortic arch, dextrocardia, and situs inversus were reported. This was a rare case with SC that had such anomalies.