The Effect of Periodized and Non-periodized Stretch Training Protocols on Improving Balance and Flexibility

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that stretching exercise modalities significantly influence both injury prevention and athletic performance. Objectives: This study examined the comparative effects of periodized versus non-periodized stretching protocols on static balance, dynamic balance, and flexibility. Methods: Forty-five male physical education students were allocated to three groups (control, n = 15; periodized stretching, n = 15; non-periodized stretching, n = 15). Intervention groups performed nine stretching exercises in either periodized or non-periodized formats for six weeks (three sessions/week). Hamstring flexibility (sit-and-reach test), static balance (stork test), and dynamic balance (Y-balance test) were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. Repeated-measures ANOVA was employed to analyze within- and between-group effects. Results: The duration of stretching intervention significantly improved static balance, dynamic balance, and hamstring flexibility. Leg dominance significantly affected both static and dynamic balance. However, no significant between-group differences were observed for any outcome measures (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a minimum six-week stretching intervention, whether periodized or non-periodized, is necessary for significant improvements in balance and flexibility. Both stretching protocols demonstrated comparable efficacy, supporting their interchangeable use in training programs.