Evaluation of Laboratory Parameters and Comorbidities as Prognostic Factors in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 During the 2020 Epidemic

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The aim of study was to evaluate laboratory parameters and comorbidities in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate their prognostic value in hospitalized patients. Methods: This retro/spective study analyzed data from 400 COVID-19 patients admitted to Golestan Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran (2020). Laboratory parameters in patients including CBC diff PLT, ESR, LDH, PT, PTT, INR, fibrinogen, CRP, and D-dimer, O2-saturation and lung CT scan were examined. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.25. Results: In the evaluation of 400 patients, 52 patients were clinically unstable and 348 patients were in stable condition. Significant gender differences were observed in Hb, PLT, ESR, and coagulation profiles (P < 0.05). D-dimer-negative patients had higher saturation levels (P = 0.009) Patients with positive D-dimer had unstable conditions in terms of oxygenation Inverse correlations were found between oxygen saturation and WBC, LDH, PT, PTT, and INR (P < 0.05). The relationship of each of the diseases associated with COVID-19 with mortality rate, clinical condition of the patient and O2-saturation in pulse oximetry was investigated. The most important diseases that, if associated with COVID-19, could make the patient's clinical condition more unstable was HTN and CVA. Conclusions: These findings suggest that routine hematological and coagulation tests can aid in early risk stratification of COVID-19 patients, particularly in resource-limited settings where advanced imaging is unavailable. We suggest that during infectious epidemics such as COVID-19, people with underlying diseases such as HTN, DM, and CVA should be under active surveillance.