Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.brieflands.com/handle/123456789/49474

In Collaboration with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

News

Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences is a peer-reviewed medical quarterly which is informative to all clinical and basic aspects of medicine. Original papers, review articles, case reports, brief reports, and letters to the editor in the field of all aspects of medical sciences are welcome. Authors are requested to submit their papers electronically by using the journal online submission.[Journal Info]

Peer Review Policy:

1) Double-Blind Peer Review System

2) Open Peer Review (since Aug 2019), Show List of All Published Reviewers' Comments

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 1080

Comparative Study of Periocular Fat Tissue Concentrations Following Retrobulbar, Intravenous, and Combined Retrobulbar-Intravenous Injection of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Rats
(Brieflands, 2024-12-31) Mansoor Shahriari; Amir Baghaei; Saeed Mohammad Soleymani; Shahram Sayadi; Marziyeh Amiri-Andebilib; Alireza Heidarian; Hadi Esmaily
Background: Recently, retrobulbar injection of liposomal amphotericin B has been explored as an alternative treatment of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Objectives: This study aims to measure amphotericin B concentration in the periocular fat tissue following intravenous, retrobulbar, and combined intravenous and retrobulbar injections. Methods: In this study, 45 rats were divided into 15 groups, receiving either intravenous, retrobulbar, or combined intravenous and retrobulbar injections. Three groups received the same dose of liposomal amphotericin B. Rats were sacrificed at 4-, 6-, and 24-hours post-injection and the periocular fat tissue was analyzed for amphotericin B concentration using HPLC. Results: Results showed that amphotericin B concentrations after intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg were 0.0001, 0.1154, and 0.0693 μg/mL at 4, 6, and 24 hours, respectively; for 15 mg/kg, the concentrations were 0.0339, 0.3534, and 0.4209 μg/mL. Retrobulbar injection resulted in concentrations of 8.8965, 9.8124, and 9.4156 μg/mL. Combined injections (10 mg/kg IV + 0.25 mg/kg retrobulbar) yielded concentrations of 8.8401, 7.8869, and 8.6409 μg/mL, while the combined 15 mg/kg IV + 0.25 mg/kg retrobulbar yielded 8.1940, 8.5277, and 9.0889 μg/mL. Conclusions: The findings indicate that retrobulbar injection of liposomal amphotericin B achieves suitable drug concentrations in periocular tissue, suggesting that for rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis, retrobulbar injection alone may be sufficient, potentially eliminating the need for intravenous administration.
The survival rate of self-immolators in Kermanshah Province 2010- 2011
(Brieflands, 2013-12-30) Farid Najafi; Touraj Ahmadijouybari; Mehdi Moradinazar; Maria Ataie; Behzad karamimatin; Reza karamimatin; Masoumeh Hatami; Afshin Almasi
Background: Self-immolation is one of the most violent methods of suicide, which is spreading in Iran. The highest rate of deaths due to committing suicide and self-immolation in Iran is observed in Kermanshah province. This research was conducted to study the survival rate and the factors that influence survival among the ones who commit self-immolation in Kermanshah province.
Illicit Drug Use and the Associated Factors Among University Students: A Report in the Southwest of Iran
(Brieflands, 2020-06-30) Haleh Ghaem; Sima Afrashteh; Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi; Ali Gholami; Leila Nami Nazari; Abbas Abbasi-Ghahramanloo; Hamid Reza Tabatabaee
Background: Illicit drug use is a major public health concern among university students. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of illicit drug use and the associated factors in a population of Iranian university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bushehr, located in the Northwest of Iran in 2017. The participants were selected randomly and included 977 university students. Anonymous, structured questionnaires were completed by the students. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of data on illicit drug use, smoking habits, sexual behaviors, alcohol consumption, physical fights, religious beliefs, parental support, and illicit drug use by the family members and friends. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of illicit drug use during the lifetime, past year, past month, and daily/almost daily was estimated at 4%, 3.3%, 2.4%, and 0.9%, respectively. The lifetime prevalence of cannabis, amphetamine-type stimulants, opium, and heroin was 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.5%, and 0.1%, respectively. After adjustment for other factors, male gender (OR = 4.06), working along with education (OR = 2.33), smoking habits (OR = 4.00), physical fights (OR = 4.04), and illicit drug use by friends (OR = 2.71) were associated with illicit drug use. Conclusions: According to the results, the prevalence of illicit drug use was relatively low, albeit significant, among the students in Bushehr. Among the determined factors associated with this issue, illicit drug use was strongly correlated with drug use by friends. Our findings could be used for the planning and evaluation of interventions based on the related risk factors.
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Sea Anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni) Isolated Vibrio (V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus), and Pseudoalteromonas (P. gelatinilytica and P. piscicida) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Brieflands, 2021-03-31) Neda Fazeli; Akram Sadat Naeemi; Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali; Hojjatolah Zamani
Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important human bacterial pathogens, which are resistant to several antibiotics. One of the main causes of their resistance is the ability of biofilm formation. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the extracts of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, Pseudoalteromonas gelatinilytica, and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida isolated from sea anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni) against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Methods: Four isolated bacteria were identified using biochemical and molecular identification methods, and their extracts were obtained by mixing the cell-free supernatants from their old broth culture using ethyl acetate and methanol as the solvents. The agar well-diffusion and micro-dilution methods were also applied to determine the antibacterial activity, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts. The ability of the extracts to inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt the preformed biofilm of the pathogens was attained through crystal violet staining in 96-well microtiter plates. To determine the nature of the extracts, they were exposed to protease enzyme, and the antibiofilm activity was compared with the untreated extracts. Results: The extracts of the four isolated bacteria inhibited bacterial growth and biofilm formation and disrupted the preformed biofilm of S. aureus (MIC = BIC = 600 µg/mL) and P. aeruginosa (MIC = BIC = 300 µg/mL). In addition, the active compounds of the extracts with antibiofilm activities were mainly proteases. Conclusions: According to the results, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, P. gelatinilytica, and P. piscicida had antibacterial and antibiofilm potential against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and their extract could also be further analyzed as an alternative to antibiotics.
The Correlation of Nrf2 rs6721961 Variants with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity in Kurdistan of Iraq
(Brieflands, 2022-09-30) Gulshan Omar Ahmed; Zohreh Rahimi; Ebrahim Shakiba; Rozita Nasari; Fatemeh Khadir; Maryam Kohsari
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrine and metabolic disease that the interaction of genetic background with environmental factors could enhance its risk. The nuclear erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protects cells against oxidative damage and toxicity. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the possible correlation between the Nrf2 gene variants with the risk of T2DM and obesity in the Kurdistan of Iraq. Methods: This study was conducted on 250 individuals categorized into 4 groups: 67 obese T2DM patients (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2), 65 normal BMI diabetic patients (BMI < 25 kg/m2), 62 obese non-diabetics, and 56 normal BMI non-diabetic individuals. The Nrf2 rs6721961 variants were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme of NgoMIV. Results: In the obese T2DM group, the levels of waist, and wrist circumference were significantly more than those of obese non-diabetic controls. Total antioxidant capacity level was not significantly different comparing patients with their controls. The Nrf2 T allele significantly decreased the risk of T2DM in normal BMI patients. In addition, carrying the T allele significantly reduced the risk of obesity. Conclusions: According to the results, significantly higher levels of anthropometric parameters was detected in obese T2DM compared with obese non-diabetic controls. The T allele of Nrf2 decreased T2DM risk among patients with normal BMI and obesity risk among Kurdish residents of Iraq. The findings of our research can be used in the prevention and management of T2DM by improving lifestyle habits.
Sleep disturbance associated factors in menopausal women
(Brieflands, 2011-11-20) Neda Ekbatani; Simin Taavoni; Neda Ekbatani; Hamid Haghani
: Background: Sleep is necessary in life and approximately 1/3 of human life is devoted to sleep. One of the most common problems in menopausal women is sleep disturbance. The aim of this study was to determine frequency of sleep disorders and its related factors in 50 – 60 years old women
Quality of life in patients inhabiting in chronic mental patients care center
(Brieflands, 2014-02-28) Seyed Abolfazl Ghoreishi; Seyed Abolfazl Ghoreishi; Reza Mollaei; Mehrzad Naseri
: The present descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out on all chronic mental patients inhabiting in chronic mental patient care center in Zanjan. All mental patients were evaluated by WHOQOL and Zung anxiety and depression questionnaires. The means for quality of life in physical health, mental health, social relationships, and environmental factors domains were 17.28, 13.69, 14.48, and 16/16, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the means of quality of life and depression for all domains, except environmental factors domain. Depression was the most significant predictor of quality of life among other variables.
Cystourethrography in the first urinary tract infection at age groups above and bellow 5 years
(Brieflands, 2003-06-20) Sh Vazirian; SA Seiyedzade
Introduction and Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most important diseases among children and young infants. Imaging evaluations in pediatric UTI is done to determine predisposing factors and high-risk children. We evaluated two pediatric groups (younger and older than 5 years) with first UTI and normal ultrasonography of urinary tract, to determine the rate of VUR.
Effect of soy flour enriched bread consumption on anthropometric indices and blood pressure and its association with ApoE genotype in overweight and obese women
(Brieflands, 2015-03-30) Elham Sharifi Zahabi; Mohammad Hassan Entezari; Mohammad Reza Maracy; Majid Yaran
Background: Recent publications indicate that consumption of soy products may have favorable effects on body composition and blood pressure. These effects might be associated with presence of specific polymorphism in Apo E gene. This study was conducted to examine the effects of consumption of soy flour enriched bread on anthropometric indices and blood pressure and its association with ApoE genotype in overweight and obese women.
Illness Perception and Coping Strategies on the Perceived Quality of Life in Adults with Coronary Heart Diseases: A Model Evaluation
(Brieflands, 2022-12-31) Maedeh Bagheri; Mohammadnaghi Farahani; Hamidreza Hasanabadi; Balal Izanloo
Background: Patients' perceptions of illness can influence their compliance with medical recommendations and, consequently, their perceived quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate illness perception in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 300 individuals with CHD, who were selected from the specialized heart clinics affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 using the convenient method. The researcher used the brief illness perception questionnaire (B-IPQ), the coping schemas inventory (CSI), and a 3-item questionnaire (designed by the researcher) to collect data. The Data were analyzed by the Structural Equation Modeling Modeling (path analysis) in LISREL based on the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) at P < 0.01 and P < 0.05. Results: A total of 60% of the individuals aged between 30 to 65, including 60.3% male and 39.7% female. Based on the research model, paths of coping strategies directly affected the perceived quality of life. Illness cognition directly impacts coping strategies and indirectly affects the perceived quality of life through the mediating role of managing strategies. Based on the evaluation of SRMI, perceived quality of life can be predictive through coping strategies and illness cognition. Conclusions: Based on the results, patients should be informed about their illness’s cognitive components and adaptive coping strategies, including situational coping strategies, coping by social support, acceptance, and active emotional expression coping to improve their quality of life.
Is Morning Prolactin Level Sufficient for Diagnosis of Mild Hyperprolactinemia?
(Brieflands, 2019-03-31) Hamid Reza Ghasemi Basir; Zahra Razavi; Mohammad Chehreghani; Manoochehr Karami; Arash Dehghan
Background: Taking into consideration the pulsatile secretion of prolactin, a single prolactin measurement may not be adequate to confirm abnormal prolactin level. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare prolactin serum levels in the morning and in the evening in women suspected of hyperprolactinemia. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited women presenting to the laboratory for measurement of prolactin. In patients with symptoms of hyperprolactinemia and elevated early morning serum prolactin, a new sample was obtained in the evening. Women with a clinical history of hyperprolactinemia, pituitary adenoma and galactorrhea were excluded. Prolactin was measured by chemiluminescence method. A P value less than 0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Results: From 109 women with morning hyperprolactinemia, 52 (41.71%) had normal evening prolactin levels and 57 (58.29%) had high prolactin levels in the evening. The mean percentage of reduction in prolactin levels in the evening compared to the morning, in women with normal evening prolactin was significantly more than those who had high evening prolactin levels. Of women who had normal prolactin levels in the evening, 30.77% had normal mean levels of prolactin in the morning, as well. Conclusions: Prolactin levels of women were significantly higher in the morning than those in the evening. In 42% of the patients with borderline morning hyperprolactinemia (about twice the normal upper limit), evening prolactin levels return to normal. Therefore, single measurements may not be enough for the diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia and a criterion for treatment, particularly in the absence of galactorrhea in women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
The effect of selenium on immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in the elderly: A case-control double-blinded clinical trial
(Brieflands, 2016-06-20) Alireza Janbakhsh; Feizollah Mansouri; Siavash Vaziri; Babak Sayad; Mandana Afsharian; Mansour Rezaei; Sohrab Heidari
Introduction: Influenza can cause more severe diseases and higher rate of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Therefore, they should receive influenza vaccine annually. However, the host response to vaccine is less in older individuals. On the other hand, selenium can act as a stimulator of the immune system and cause increased immunity and response to vaccine. This study was carried out to determine the effect of selenium on antibody production against influenza vaccine. By verifying this effect, selenium can be recommended as an adjuvant therapy in the elderly.
Normal Values for Random Urinary Calcium to Creatinine Ratios in Children and Young Adults,Kermanshah(2000-2001)
(Brieflands, 2007-09-20) Mahtab Rahbar; K Mardanpour; Sh Vazirian; M Rezaei
Introduction: Since hypercalciuria is implicated in renal stone formation, random urine calcium to creatininee ratio (UCA/CR) is the practical use in screening for hyperalciuria. However, due to worldwide variations in reference values for human population and difficulty of 24 hr urine collection for detection of hypercalciuria, we decided to conduct this study to determine normal confecting random UCA/CR ratio in the west part of Iran, Kermanshah.
Antifungal Effects of Silybum marianum Extract Individually and in Combination with Fluconazole on Clinical Candida Isolates in Northern Iran
(Brieflands, 2018-12-26) Leila Fozouni; Mahdis Palang
Background: Candidiasis is a spectrum of opportunistic fungal diseases. The resistance of Candida to antibiotics is unfortunately increasing. Silybum marianum, which belongs to the Asteraceae family, is a wild plant growing in most parts of Iran. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Silybum marianum extract, both individually and in combination with fluconazole, on the growth of drug-resistant clinical Candida isolates. Methods: Candida species isolated from 85 patients suspected of Candidisis was identified and cultured on CHROMagar Candida and API 20CAUX system. The test of susceptibility to fluconazole was performed using broth microdilution. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Silybum marianum extract and its antagonistic effects were determined using the microdilution assay. Results: The highest resistance to fluconazole was reported in Candida glabrata (81.8%) and Candida albicans (72.9%). Variations in the MIC of the aqueous extract of Silybum marianum in a range of 4096 - 8 μL/mL showed that 77.8% of C. glabrata isolates and 88.6% of C. albicans isolates were resistant to fluconazole, and did not grow at a concentration of 2048 μL/mL; nevertheless, in the case of Silybum marianum extracts in combination with fluconazole, 89% of C. glabreta and 94.3% of C. albicans isolates were resistant to fluconazole, and stopped growing at concentrations of at least 128 μL/mL (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Silybum marianum seeds found to present proper inhibitory effects on clinical fluconazole-resistant Candida isolates at high concentrations. Silybum marianum extract in combination with fluconazole was found to have a more potent in-vitro activity than the extract and drug individually.
The Interfering Effect of Lanthanum on Intestinal Iron Uptake Using Everted Gut Sac (EGS) Method
(Brieflands, 2022-06-30) Sara Torabi; Ali Asghar Moshtaghie; Ali Asghar Rastegari; Kahin Shahanipour
Background: A dysregulated iron metabolism can lead to a wide range of diseases, and investigating this issue is vital for the development of therapeutics. Furthermore, trace elements such as lanthanum have been shown to interfere with iron uptake. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal uptake of lanthanum and its competition with iron uptake. Methods: This study was conducted using the everted gut sac method on freshly-prepared rat everted gut sacs, which were incubated in Earle's medium, including iron and lanthanum. The effects of ascorbic acid, glucose, and time intervals were investigated on lanthanum and iron intestinal uptake. In addition, the interfering effect of lanthanum on iron uptake was scrutinized. Results: The absorption of iron and lanthanum is saturated at 200 mg/L concentration. Using ascorbic acid (as a reducing agent) and glucose (as an energy source) increase the absorption of these elements (P < 0.05), and lanthanum reduces iron uptake by up to 19.3%. The results revealed that the highest uptake occurs in 30 minutes in which, the average uptakes for iron and lanthanum was 36.6 and 17.6 μg, respectively. Conclusions: According to the results, lanthanum reduces iron uptake because of competing with iron. Lanthanum could also interfere with iron metabolism and cause iron-related metabolic disorders. Further studies at the molecular and intracellular levels are required to understand this mechanism.
The effect of psychosocial interventions on mental health of earthquake victims in Borujerd city
(Brieflands, 2010-09-20) Mohammadali Aslinejhad; Rahmat Allahverdi; Ali Ekrami
Background: Iran is one of the five top countries of the world that are prone to having earthquakes. Psychological problems arise from disasters may hidden from the view of the health care professionals and many remain in fixed manner. Aim of study was to investigate the effect of psychosocial interventions on mental health of victims with more than 15 years old suffered from earthquake.
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus in Healthy Women in Zakho City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Brief Report
(Brieflands, 2019-12-07) Shakir Abdulrahman Jamal; Ibrahim Abdulqader Naqid; Nawfal Rasheed Hussein; Shivan Hassan Yousif; Shahad Ahmad Yousif; Soleen Salam Hasso; Teeba Mohammed Hazim; Abdullah Saeed Mustafa; Parwar Ismaeel Taher; Tamare Bssam Jamal
Background: Infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major global public health problems. Infection with such viruses is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of HBV and HCV in women in Zakho City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in Zakho City, Iraq between January 2019 and October 2019. A total of 2223 females aged between 18 to 52 years old were included in this study. ELISA test was used to determine HBsAg, HBc IgG, and HCV antibodies positivity. HCV positive samples were then confirmed by Xpert HCV quantification assay. Results: Among the studied subjects, 12/2223 (0.54%) samples were positive for HBs Ag. All these 12 patients showed also positivity for HBc IgG. Only 1/2223 (0.045%) sample was positive for HCV antibodies. The result of HCV-RT-PCR confirmed the positivity for this patient. Conclusions: The low prevalence rate of HBV and HCV infection among women in Zakho City was less than that reported in other studies. Population-based study is needed to estimate the prevalence of infection.
Educational purpose and medical student’s achievements in clinical training in an university hospital in Kermanshah
(Brieflands, 2010-03-20) Reza Pourmirza Kalhori; Nazanin Razazian; Arsalan Naderipour; Farid Najafi; Afshin Almasi; Ali Hassanpour Dehkordi
Background: One of the most important components of educational technology is an educational plan. Medical education needs to evaluate regular educational achievements particularly in clinical training. This study was carried out to investigate medical students achievement compare to educational prepuces in clinical training in Kermanshah Emam Reza hospital.
In silico Comparison of Structural Features and Predicted Epitopes of Envelope Protein of Zika Virus with the Homologous Proteins of Two Closely Related Viruses
(Brieflands, 2017-12-31) Samira Ebrahimi; Hassan Mohabatkar; Mandana Behbahani
Introduction: Of recent, Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread worldwide apart from its original geographical zone (Federated States of Micronesia). Investigations prove a relationship between ZIKV and microcephaly in newborn babies. Research on the essential proteins of this virus may help in preventing its epidemic.
Seroepidemiology of herpes simplex virus type one in pregnant women referring to health care centers of Kermanshah (2004)
(Brieflands, 2010-06-20) Daryosh Pourmand; Alireza Janbakhsh
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a worldwide contagious infection disease. It usually transmitted during childhood via nonsexual contacts. One of the important causes of genital herpes in developed countries is HSVI. Having knowledge about distribution and prevalence of this infection in pregnant women may help to choose an appropriate treatment and prevention methods. 65 pregnant women who have been referred to Kermanshah primary health care centers were selected and examined regarding to presence of IgG antibodies against HSVI. Prevalence of HSVI in our study was 55.4% of referred subjects. Compare to western countries HSVI prevalence is lower in Kermanshah.

Browse

Recent Submissions