Cognitive Disorders in Patients with Cardiac Angina Referred to Sayad Shirazi Hospital in 2024

Abstract

Background: Cognitive disorder occurs when a person has difficulty remembering, learning new things, concentrating, or making decisions that affect their daily life. There is a relationship between cardiovascular-coronary diseases and the risk factors of these diseases with cognitive disorders. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating cognitive disorder in patients with unstable cardiac angina compared to non-sufferers. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 45 patients with unstable cardiac angina and 45 non-sufferers referred to Sayad Shirazi Hospital in 2024. The tool for data collection was the Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software with the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The risk and effective factors associated with developing the disease were measured using logistic regression and expressed as odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Although the cognitive status of cardiac angina patients compared to non-sufferers was suggestive of mild cognitive disorders (MCI), the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.31). The risk of cognitive disorder in people with cardiac angina was 1.71 times higher (OR = 1.71, P = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.74 - 3.94) than in those without cardiac angina. The risk of cognitive disorder in men with cardiac angina was 4.35 times higher (OR = 4.35, P = 0.21, 95% CI: 1.19 - 15.86) than in women, and in diabetics with cardiac angina, it was 5.78 times higher. Conclusions: The risk of cognitive disorder is higher in people with cardiac angina. Also, men and diabetics with unstable angina are more susceptible to cognitive disorders.