The Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Resveratrol in Rats with Simultaneous Type II Diabetes and Renovascular Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Resveratrol has beneficial effects on experimental and clinical hypertension and diabetes. Objectives: This study aimed at examining antidiuretic and antihyperlipidemic effects of resveratrol in rats with simultaneous type II diabetes and endovascular hypertension. Methods: This study was performed on eight groups of male Spargue-Dawley rats each containing 8 - 10 animals as follows: control, diabetic (induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide), renovascular hypertensive (induced by placing Plexiglas clips on the left renal arteries), sham, simultaneously hypertensive-diabetic receiving vehicle (distilled water), and 3 simultaneously hypertensive-diabetic groups receiving 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day resveratrol. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured weekly and fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and markers of oxidative stress were measured after 4 weeks of treatment with resveratrol vehicle. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s multiple range tests. Data analysis was done using SigmaStat software and P ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Serum malondialdehyde, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, blood glycated hemoglobin, and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the hypertensive-diabetic group receiving vehicle compared to the control group (P < 0.05) and treatment with resveratrol significantly reduced these variables (P < 0.05). On the other hand, serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the hypertensive-diabetic group receiving vehicle compared to the control group (P < 0.05) and treatment with resveratrol significantly increased these variables (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings indicated that resveratrol had antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects, which might be partly due to an antioxidant mechanism.