The Effectiveness of Reflexology on Fatigue, Constipation, Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Context: Complications during pregnancy can lead to issues during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum. Therefore, employing appropriate treatment methods with minimal side effects is a concern for obstetrics and gynecology specialists, midwives, healthcare workers, and pregnant mothers. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reflexology (REF) on fatigue, constipation, nausea, and vomiting during pregnancy in the form of a narrative review. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review identified 232 studies by searching relevant keywords in Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Scopus, PubMed, Magiran, IranDoc, and Google Scholar from 1990 to 2024. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 studies were selected for the final analysis, and their results were used to compile this review. Results: The study results indicated that constipation, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting are significant complications during pregnancy that can lead to issues during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum. These complications included premature birth, low birth weight, increased labor duration, cesarean section, and postpartum depression. The general findings of this study demonstrated that REF, particularly foot REF, can significantly reduce constipation, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting during pregnancy. Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that REF has a significant effect in reducing complications during pregnancy. Unlike medicinal methods, REF has no side effects for pregnant mothers. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare personnel, midwives, and even pregnant mothers themselves consider using this treatment method during pregnancy.