A Comparison of Time Perspective Dimensions Between Elite and Non-elite Taekwondo Athletes
| Author | Shahram Nazarpouri | en |
| Author | Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi | en |
| Author | Saleh Rafiee | en |
| Orcid | Shahram Nazarpouri [0000-0002-6491-8510] | en |
| Orcid | Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi [0000-0001-9360-9373] | en |
| Orcid | Saleh Rafiee [0000-0003-3552-0316] | en |
| Issued Date | 2025-05-31 | en |
| Abstract | Background: The theory of Zimbardo’s time perspectives (TP) has attracted considerable attention in fields such as education and health; however, its role in athletic performance remains underexplored. Objectives: This study aimed to compare TP dimensions between elite and non-elite Taekwondo athletes. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study purposively sampled 300 male Taekwondo athletes in Tehran, including 105 elite (with national team experience) and 195 non-elite athletes. The TP were assessed using Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). Data were analyzed via multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using SPSS 26 (α = 0.05). Results: Significant differences emerged between elite and non-elite athletes across several TP dimensions. Elite athletes scored significantly higher in past-positive (PP), present-hedonistic (PH), and future (F) dimensions, while non-elite athletes scored higher in present-fatalistic (PF) and past-negative (PN) dimensions. Conclusions: These findings underscore the practical relevance of TP theory in sports. Psychological interventions promoting a balanced TP may enhance athletes’ focus, motivation, and mental resilience. Coaches and sport psychologists can leverage these insights to support performance and long-term development, especially in competitive disciplines like Taekwondo. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/jmcl-162357 | en |
| Keyword | Time Perspectives | en |
| Keyword | Past-positive | en |
| Keyword | Future | en |
| Keyword | Athletic Performance | en |
| Keyword | Taekwondo Sport | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | A Comparison of Time Perspective Dimensions Between Elite and Non-elite Taekwondo Athletes | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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