Living in the Shadow of Fear and Threat: A Descriptive Phenomenological Exploration of Life Experiences of Male Adolescents with Fathers Diagnosed with Paranoid Personality Disorder
| Author | Mahdi Shamloo Kazemi | en |
| Author | Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee | en |
| Author | Mohammad Pourebrahimi | en |
| Orcid | Mahdi Shamloo Kazemi [0009-0009-1860-9950] | en |
| Orcid | Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee [0000-0001-9466-3013] | en |
| Orcid | Mohammad Pourebrahimi [0000-0003-4470-3042] | en |
| Issued Date | 2025-09-30 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Having a parent with paranoid personality disorder (PPD) can interfere with the formation of constructive parent-child interactions and the child's future development. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of male adolescents with fathers diagnosed with PPD. Methods: Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, this qualitative study was conducted in Tehran’s schools in 2024. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 adolescents, which continued until data saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis method. Results: Data analysis revealed 21 primary categories, 6 subthemes, and two main themes: (1) Mentally distressing experiences and (2) emotionally distressing experiences. Conclusions: Research has shown that sons of fathers with PPD experience mentally and emotionally distressing situations, which can lead to a decrease in the quality of the parent-child relationship, feelings of emotional deprivation, fear, and anger in the sons. Additionally, the findings can contribute to a better understanding of the supportive and psychological needs of adolescents with a parent diagnosed with PPD and provide insights into psychological and social strategies for supporting these adolescents. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-159976 | en |
| Keyword | Adolescents | en |
| Keyword | Father Child Relationship | en |
| Keyword | Fear | en |
| Keyword | Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Living in the Shadow of Fear and Threat: A Descriptive Phenomenological Exploration of Life Experiences of Male Adolescents with Fathers Diagnosed with Paranoid Personality Disorder | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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