Challenges of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Among Patients with Complicated Diseases
| Author | Hossein Ahmadi | en |
| Author | Leila Fozouni | en |
| Author | Hamid Reza Pordeli | en |
| Orcid | Hossein Ahmadi [0009-0007-2327-6789] | en |
| Orcid | Leila Fozouni [0000-0002-2248-0354] | en |
| Orcid | Hamid Reza Pordeli [0000-0002-4677-3194] | en |
| Issued Date | 2025-09-30 | en |
| Abstract | Background: Staphylococcal drug resistance is a significant challenge in medicine and has become an emerging threat. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) presents a serious risk to global mortality due to the limited effective management and treatment options available. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of drug resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates, focusing on vancomycin resistance in patients with complicated diseases, including immunocompromised, genetic, and chronic metabolic diseases, highlighting these populations as potential emerging foci of drug resistance. Methods: Over two years (2023 - 2025), three hundred samples were collected from hospitalized patients with special diseases for staphylococcal analysis. The MRSA and VRSA isolates were identified using both phenotypic methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Additionally, antibiotic susceptibility to ten classes of antibiotics and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin were assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method and microdilution broth test, respectively. Results: Among 168 MRSA isolates, the prevalence of VRSA isolates was found to be 19.05%. Screening for VRSA indicated that women and individuals aged 36 and older with diabetes were more likely to carry this pathogen. The highest rate of VRSA was detected in wound samples (65.63%), and no cases of VRSA were identified in joint fluid samples (P < 0.05). Additionally, no VRSA isolates were found in individuals with autism, hemophilia, prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, colorectal cancer, hepatitis B, or thalassemia. Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, had a resistance rate of 53%, making it the least effective agent. In contrast, linezolid demonstrated an effectiveness rate of 98.21%. The MRSA strains isolated from wounds showed a better response to antibiotics. Conclusions: The increasing reports of MRSA and VRSA outbreaks highlight the urgent need to revise national treatment guidelines to include effective antimicrobial agents that target resistant staphylococci. It is essential to implement comprehensive surveillance strategies for these agents and to establish robust monitoring systems, particularly for vulnerable patient populations. | en |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.69107/jid-165177 | en |
| URI | https://brieflands.com/journals/jid/articles/165177 | en |
| Keyword | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> | en |
| Keyword | Vancomycin | en |
| Keyword | Drug Resistance | en |
| Keyword | Complicated Disease | en |
| Publisher | Brieflands | en |
| Title | Challenges of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Among Patients with Complicated Diseases | en |
| Type | Research Article | en |
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