Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Educational-Therapeutic Intervention Program in Reducing Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Comprehensive Health Centers of Ilam, Iran

Abstract

Background: Suicide and suicide attempts are significant public health challenges worldwide. In Iran, particularly in Ilam province, this issue has become increasingly prominent, necessitating effective prevention strategies. Prior research highlights the efficacy of educational and therapeutic interventions, including psychological training and counseling, in reducing suicidal behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured educational-therapeutic intervention program implemented in comprehensive health centers across Ilam. Methods: Using an applied, community-based participatory approach, this interventionist-analytical study was conducted over 12 months (December 2019 to January 2021). The target population included service recipients at health centers across Ilam. Interventions were delivered at general, selective, and indicated levels, encompassing suicide prevention training, psychological counseling, and systematic screening for at-risk individuals. Data were extracted from quarterly and annual center reports and analyzed using SPSS with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings demonstrated a significant reduction in suicide and suicide attempts in Ilam city following the intervention, particularly among individuals aged 15 - 24 and 25 - 34 years. There was also a notable increase in the identification and treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. However, in some areas like Darehshahr and Dehloran, an increase in suicide attempts was observed, highlighting the need for localized assessment. Conclusions: Educational-therapeutic programs in health centers of Ilam effectively reduced suicidal behaviors. Expanding such interventions nationally and further investigating regional outcome disparities is strongly recommended.