Comparison of Dynamic Balance and Ankle Proprioception in Male Athletes with and Without Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Abstract

Background: Non-specific chronic low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common recurring problems among athletes. It can affect not only the lumbopelvic region but also other musculoskeletal structures throughout the kinetic chain. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare dynamic balance and ankle joint proprioception in athletes with and without non-specific chronic LBP. Methods: Thirty male football, volleyball, or basketball players from the first and second leagues, aged 18 to 35 years, with and without non-specific chronic LBP, were enrolled. Athletes with pain were selected based on diagnostic tests performed by a specialist physician. Dynamic balance was measured using the Y-balance test (YBT) kit. Ankle joint proprioception was assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer, measuring the joint position sense (JPS) error at 10 and 20 degrees of inversion. Data from both tests were analyzed using SPSS software, version 27. Results: The comparison of ankle proprioception showed no significant difference between the groups at either 10 or 20 degrees of inversion. However, the dynamic balance comparison revealed a significant difference between the two groups in the posteromedial, posterolateral directions, and the composite score. Athletes without back pain performed significantly better on this test than those with back pain. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a significant difference in the dynamic balance of athletes with and without non-specific chronic LBP. However, no significant difference in ankle proprioception was observed between the groups. These findings provide researchers with more precise information regarding the importance of managing back pain and preventing subsequent sports injuries.