Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Myomectomy

Abstract

Background: Having clinical information on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with uterine fibroids (UFs) undergoing cesarean section (CS) can significantly enhance clinical management and disease prevention strategies. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing cesarean myomectomy (CM) and to examine maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with CM. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pregnant women undergoing CM at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz from March 2021 to March 2024 were included through census sampling. The UF characteristics (type, number, and size) along with maternal and neonatal complications following CM, such as blood transfusion, post-partum hemorrhage (PPH), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization admission, were measured. Results: In total, 60 pregnant women with a mean (standard deviation) age of 34.17 (5.77) were enrolled in the study. The most common comorbidities among them were hypertension (15%) and gestational diabetes (11.7%). Intramural fibroids were the most common type of UF (47%), 45% of UF were < 5 cm, and 72% were single UF. The proportions of blood transfusions and PPH were 13% and 7%, respectively. The proportion of NICU hospitalization and growth below the 3rd percentile were observed in 32% and 12% of cases, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between myoma size and the rates of blood transfusion (P = 0.04). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the incidence of unfavorable maternal and neonatal outcomes following CM is considerable, necessitating careful management and the implementation of effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate such complications.