HIIT Intervention Improves Bone Metabolism in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: A substantial body of evidence demonstrates a close association between type 2 diabetes and changes in bone metabolism. Diabetic patients who do not properly control their blood sugar experience altered bone formation and bone turnover, which are affected by the patient's glycemic status. Exercise appears to mitigate the process of osteoporosis. This study was conducted on diabetic subjects to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on reducing bone tissue degradation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of HIIT on the lipid profile, bone metabolism, irisin hormone, and blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-five diabetic subjects were selected for this study. The intensity training was performed on these selected diabetic patients. The intervention included 4 minutes of high-intensity exercise followed by 3 minutes of relief exercise, repeated four times. After 8 weeks of training, blood samples were collected from the patients, and bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, C-telopeptide (CTX), and irisin levels were measured. Results: The exercise intervention was shown to lower blood sugar levels, improve the lipid profile, decrease serum CTX levels, and increase osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase levels in the exercise groups. Importantly, the exercise intervention also improved irisin hormone levels. Conclusions: Regular exercise, particularly high-intensity training, has a positive effect on improving metabolic markers that affect bone function, in addition to enhancing glucose and lipid control. Furthermore, the results indicate that HIIT interventions improve bone health markers in diabetic patients.