Subclavian Vein Cannulation Success Rate in Neonates and Children

Abstract

Background: Central vein cannulation allows the administration of large volumes of fluids in short times and at high osmolarities for rehydration, volume replacement, chemotherapy, and parenteral nutrition. Percutaneous central venous line insertion has replaced peripheral venous cut-down as the primary mode of short-term venous access in children. Objectives: The aim of our study was to delineate some aspects of this procedure as well as its success rate and relative risk in pediatrics. Patients and Methods: Totally, 3264 subclavian vein cannulations in neonates and children were analyzed regarding successful catheterization attempts and early complication rates after the procedure retrospectively in Mofid Hospital (Tehran, Iran). Results: There were 1340 newborn patients (first 28 days of life) in our study population. In these newborns, only 55 cannulations failed; one patient was complicated with pneumothorax; guide wires malfunctioned in 21 cases; and first- attempt cannulation success was reported in only 981 cases. In the remaining 1924 patients, between one month and 8 years old, only 14 attempts at the cannulation of the subclavian vein failed and 1655 cases had first-attempt cannulation success. Conclusions: The cannulation of the central vein in neonates and children in a skilled hand would be performed with great success rate and low complications.