Exploring the Role of MiR-373 in Colorectal Cancer Development and Progression

Abstract

Context: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Its progression is influenced by various molecular factors, including the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). MiR-373 is an oncogenic miRNA implicated in the development of CRC, but its precise role in tumor progression and metastasis remains under investigation. Objectives: This review aims to evaluate the role of miR-373 in CRC progression, focusing on its impact on key cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, the review explores the potential of miR-373 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in CRC. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify studies published from 2000 to 2025. The review includes studies that investigate miR-373 expression, its regulation of tumor suppressor genes, and its involvement in oncogenic signaling pathways, particularly those linked to CRC progression. Results: MiR-373 is often overexpressed in CRC tissues, promoting tumor growth by regulating critical cellular processes. It suppresses tumor suppressor genes like PTEN and TP53INP1, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced invasion. Higher miR-373 levels are associated with advanced disease stages, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. Conclusions: MiR-373 contributes significantly to CRC development and progression. Its upregulation is linked to increased tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapy, making it a promising candidate for early detection and targeted therapies in CRC. Further studies should focus on modulating miR-373 expression to improve clinical outcomes.