Effects of Varicocelectomy on Testosterone Levels and Sperm Parameters in Infertile Men with Varicocele

Abstract

Background: Varicocele is the most common clinical finding in infertile men, with a prevalence of about 15% among men. The effect of varicocele on testosterone production and sperm parameters is still under discussion. Objectives: This study investigates the impact of varicocelectomy on the serum level of testosterone hormone and sperm parameters. Methods: The study was conducted from October 2023 to November 2024 at Golestan and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. It investigated the testosterone level and sperm parameters of 50 infertile men with varicocele before and after varicocelectomy. Results: The average age of patients in the varicocele group was 33.06 ± 8.04 years. Testosterone levels in the varicocele group were lower than those in the control group both before and after varicocelectomy (P < 0.05). However, after varicocelectomy, the testosterone level in the varicocele group increased (P < 0.05). Additionally, varicocelectomy improved the sperm's rapid movement compared to before varicocelectomy (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In infertile patients with clinical varicocele, it appears that varicocelectomy has a positive effect on increasing the serum level of testosterone hormone and sperm motility.